A documentary film is a film that includes non-fictional facts and peoples opinions on a certain subject. Unlike a blockbuster, fictional Hollywood film. Hollywood films include in demand actors and actresses that perform fictional stories. Whereas a documentary film could just be narrated by just a single person. Fundementally, a documentary film shoul express opinions a facts to describe true stories, however, some documentaries become biased by choice of interviewee. But it still essentialy remains a true story.
Finance & Requirement
- Equipment
- Transport
- Crew
- Goods/Materials
- Facility Hire
- Clearances
A deadline is the latest time or date by which something should be completed. Productions teams for television rely on deadlines being met, if not met they could potentially lose money by going over budget and having to pay actors/actresses for more time. If you have not finished using the equipment by the deadline, then you could face having to for the equipment for a longer period of time or even find somewhere else to rent the equipment for the rest of the production. Making sure all personell are available is equally important, without the people you filming, there is most likely nothing to film. It is important to give time for clearances, after this is complete is allows time to calculate you own profit and loss after everthing has cleared and finished.
The Team
The Director - The director is arguabley the most important role of the production. They are held responsible for the overall production of the documentary. It is their job to transfer the production idea to shot material. They need to organise and ensure that enough footage collected to create the documentary to a high standard and professional style. They need to guarantee that the documentary is un-biased, truthful, entertaining and most of all that it is in the interest of the subject matter. {60 an hr - standard per day rate}
Camera Man/Woman - This person films or takes still images, then transfers them to the computer for the editor to use. {£30 an hr - standard per day rate}
Accountant - They keep track of the budget and the all over costs of the production {£20 an hr - standard per day rate}
Actors - Perfoms or demonstrates for the camera {£15 an hr - standard per day rate}
Audio Technician - Records sound and then edits it for the production. {£15 an hr - standard per day rate}
Historian - They research into the content of the documentary, acts as a journalist. They keep a copy of all the project documentation for future reference. {£30 an hr - standard per day rate}
Musician - Creates/Performs or chooses the music to be used. {£15 an hr - standard per day rate}
Narrator - They do the voice over the content of the documentary. {£10 an hr - standard per day rate}
Planner - Creates a production schedule with deadlines, hires/rents equipment. {£30 an hr - standard per day rate}
Producer - They overlook the entire process, deals with copyright issues. {£60 an hr - standard per day rate}
Product Editor - They edit the entire film, check for any programming bugs. {£85 an hr - standard per day rate}
Publicist - Organiases press releases and announces the Premiere date. {£40 an hr - standard per day rate}
Site Coordinator - Sorts out locations for filming. {£20 an hr - standard per day rate}
Text Editor - Revises all text in the film, checks for any spelling, grammar mistakes. This also includes chacking the Request for Proposal Form. {£20 an hr - standard per day rate}
Writer - Writes all scripts, presentations, content and all other documentations. {£30 an hr - standard per day rate}
The size of a factual programming team varies, it all depends on how big the production is. It also depends on what type of production you are making, for example, an independent production will only have a small team. However, Channel 4 costs will be high because it is a big company and they would pay a lot of money to have the best possible production team.
Facilities
The camera is used to record all footage for the production {£10/hr}
The computer is used to edit the footage from the camera, then perfect the audio from the tape. Then it is used to completely edit the whole production. {£15/hr}
The tape recorder is used to record sounds and interviews, both key factors of a documentary. {£10/hr}
Materials
Original material is material or information that has been found by either yourself or researcher. It is usually found after researching into prior data (also known as archive and library materials). These materials are also known as secondary sources, information found from books/articles etc. Secondary resource information can also be gethered by interviewing people tthe researching deeper, then sometimes ending up with more original material.
Photo library materials and sound libray are images and sounds that are not copyright and are completely legal for anyone to use in a production. After being built up, the sound library will eventually consist of loops and tracks that would be suitable for various types of productions. Photo library is great for copyright free images, but it also allows you to find pictures that prove evidence, in the case of the production of a documantary, it is very useful.
Contributors
A factual programme also consists of contributors. Contributors are often used as forms of research. A specialist or professional that is skilled in an area are regularly used in factual programmes, it is good to get the opinion of some that is skilled a certain field to help the audience understand. For example, the 'Supersize Me' documentary consisted of many specialists and doctors to explain the dangers and possible outcomes of the man's health. This gave true facts and opinions, perfect for a factual programme.
Locations
The chosen location is usually visited before a definate 'yes' has been given. It is checked that it is a suitable place for shooting. This includes safety checks and access to important facilities. Also any potential lighting or sound issues. Whilst choosing the location, you have to consider the crew and how hard it will be to get all the neccessary members of crew to the location. Often locations are quite expensive to use, this has to be taken into consideration if you are working to a budget. The weather is also something that is regularly overlooked, it would be a shame and a waste of money to pay and hire a location and then find it is useless due to weather conditions. Obviously this can sometimes be unavoidable.
Codes & Practise of Regulation
You need to make sure that you have a clearane before your factual programme is aired. If not, you will not know how much money you have to spend on the running the programme on the T.V. It is also very beneficial to know how you are doing in terms if finance before you start generating revenue because then you know how well the programme has done. Ofcom is the government approved regulatory authority for the broadcasting and telecommunications industries in the United Kingdom.
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